Astro Physics

The planets:- We know in the solar system that the sun is

fixed and that moving round it are a number of large

spheres known as planets . These are nine planets, viz., the

Earth, Neptune, Pluto, Uranus, Saturn, Jupiter, Mars and Mercury

Sun is a luminous body whereas earth and moon are

non-luminous bodies. Only those parts of moon on which light

of sun falls is visible. Also sun is larger than, both the

each and the moon so that shadows of both are cast in space

with a distinct umbra and penumbra. These shadows? are

called eclipses.

The Moon:- It is the only natural satellite if the earth

revolving round the earth. It s one revolution round the

earth tales approximately one lunar month(of 29 ? days).

This period varies by 13 hours sue the eccentricities of the

orbits of the moon and earth. Unlike the sun and the stars,

its shinning is seen due to the reflected light which comes

from the sun. The diameter if the moon is lesser than one

quarter that of the earth. Compared with the sun the moon is

quite near to the earth(only 240,000 miles away). The

diameter of the moon on several calculations found to be

2160 miles.

The star is made up of dust and gas in space.

Basically it has so many stages

they are

1.black hole

2.nuetron star

3.supernova

4.red giant stage

our solar system consists a big star name sun which is

attracting 8 other planets with it's gravity.

It has an expected age of 10 billion years.

the distance of the earth from the moon is 2,40,000 miles or

24 x 104 miles and that from the sun is 93,000,000or93x106miles.

The moon is more than one light

second and the sun 8 light minutes away, i.e. light

traveling at 1,86,000 miles per second takes just over a

second to reach from the moon and about 8 minutes from the sun.

The earth and its weight. It is impossible to find out the

weight of the earth by any type of balance. If we express it

in tons, the number of zeros required to do so would occupy

almost more than half of a volume of this book. Therefore,

we will try to express it in a simpler way as follows.

Take an example of hollow ball of the same size as the earth

consisting entirely of water (i.e. a solid ball of water).if

we weigh this ball we find this 5 1/2times lighter than that

of the weight of the earth. This is actually means that the

relative 5 1/2 or 5.5.

The equatorial diameter. The equatorial diameter of the

earth is 7920 miles in length and polar diameter is about 27

miles shorter than the former.

Shape and size of the earth. The shape of the earth is

regarded as a sphere , but it is actually an oblate spheroid

like as egg being slightly flattered at the poles

The blue color of the sky is due to Rayleigh scattering. As light moves through the atmosphere, most of the longer wavelengths pass straight through. Little of the red, orange and yellow light is affected by the air. However, much of the shorter wavelength light is absorbed by the gas molecules. The absorbed blue light is then radiated in different directions. It gets scattered all around the sky.

Whichever direction you look, some of this scattered blue light reaches you.

Since you see the blue light from everywhere overhead, the sky looks blue.

eight;

Pluto isn't considered a planet any more.

for level flight lift is balanced by weight and thrust is

balanced by drag, hence then whole system become stable

w.r.t to force and for moments , inherently stable aircraft

are designed in a way that the pitching moment is balanced

by horizontal stabilizer , elevator may be deflected for

trim at certain velocities where i'm not changing the moment

curve slope , and for roll and yaw stability both aileron

and rudder may be used as they are cross coupled. Aids in

roll and yaw stability may be provided by high wing, sweep

back, dihedral wings etc

SETI (Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence) is branch

of Astro Physics which searches for the same which you asked!

Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI) is the

collective name for a number of activities people undertake

to search for intelligent extraterrestrial life. SETI

projects use scientific methods to search for

electromagnetic transmissions from civilizations on distant

planets.

There is one more such name: NTI - Non-Terrestrial

Intelligence... means this intelligence doesn't live on

Earth/Land... It may lie beneath the oceans!!

In 1886 Eugen Goldstein discovered canal rays (also known as

anode rays) and showed that they were positively charged

particles (ions) produced from gases. Menas,originally

Goldstein postulated that there were some positively charged

particles... but he didn't say that they were Protons!!

Following the discovery of the atomic nucleus by Ernest

Rutherford in 1911. This was confirmed experimentally by

Henry Moseley in 1913 using X-ray spectra. In 1919

Rutherford proved that the hydrogen nucleus is present in

other nuclei, a result usually described as the discovery of

the proton.

It consist of two convex lenses. These lenses are called

object glass and eye piece respectively. A real, inverted

and diminished object is formally the object at its focus.

This image lies with the focus of the eye piece which acts

as a magnifying galss, producing a virtual, erect, enlarged

image of it. The first image this seen is magnified, but

inverted with respect to the object.

Magnigying power = F/f

Where F is focal length of object glass, and f is focal

length of eye-piece.

If three bodies sun, earth and moon are situated in a

straight line, at the time of the moon entering the shadow

cone the moon will be totally obscured, thereby giving a

total lunar eclipse. If they are slightly out of line, only

a part of moon enters the umbrral cone and a partial lunar

eclipse occurs. This o curs at full moon when moon enters

that shadow of the earth, as cast by the earth.