The adrenal glands are comprised of two parts -- the cortex and medulla -- that produce hormones which regulate body functions. The medulla, or inner part of the adrenal glands, produces the hormones norepinephrine and epinephrine, which regulate the 'fight or flight' response in the body, the body's reaction to stressful events. The cortex, the outer portion of the adrenal glands, produces several hormones that affect blood pressure and blood sugar levels, growth, as well as some sexual characteristics.