1. Real-world features are selected or not selected for inclusion on a map.

2. The cartographer communicates the spatial pattern and organization of real-world objects on a map.

3. Point, line, and area symbolism is chosen.

4. Misleading or erroneous information is added to a map.

5. Real-world features are simplified to allow them to be drawn on a map at reduced scale.

Real-world features are simplified to allow them to be drawn on a map at reduced scale.

The cartographer communicates the spatial pattern and organization of real-world objects on a map.

Real-world features are selected or not selected for inclusion on a map.