A simple way to start a specific Oracle instance is to start the instance with the PFILE option as shown in the following example:

>.insqlplus /nolog

SQL> CONNECT / AS SYSDBA

Connected.

SQL> STARTUP NOMOUNT

PFILE=$ORACLE_HOME/database/initggl_ini.ora

ORA-02778: Name given for the log directory is invalid

The PFILE option allows you to specify the initialization parameter file of a specific Oracle instance. But the initialization parameter file created in Step 3 has some problem with the log directory.