Equivalence partitioning is a technique that divides the i/p domain of a program into classes of data from which test cases can be delivered.

- For each piece of the specification, generate 1 or more eqvilence classes.

- Label the classes as "valid" and "invalid"

- Generate testcases that cover as many possible valid and invalid wquilance classes

Boundary value Analysis : a technique in which the testcases that explore the boundary conditions have a higher probability of detecting error.

- verify the faults at near boundaries

- Faults tend to arround near boundaries

- Good place to look for faults

- Test values on bothsides of boundaries

Formula:

Valid boundaries: minimum, maximum

Invalid boundaries: min-1, max+1