First Aid Instructor

Cuts or laceration is a wound caused by a tear or a deep cut in the flesh or skin. It can be minor or major depending on the different types of cut and its severity.

Drugs or medicines that are used to treat or prevent bacterial infections. This is also known as antibacterials. Note: Antibiotics have no effect on viral infections.

☛ Gloves, goggles or a resuscitation device

☛ Foot, body or head protection

☛ Remembering to wash hands before and as soon as possible after contact with casualty

Place the lady in the recovery position to maintain a clear airway and monitor her breathing until help arrives.

100 Compressions per minute is the correct rate of compressions.

Elevate the arm, apply pressure around the glass, build up dressings around the wound and call an ambulance. Reassure the patient.

You should place all unconscious but breathing casualties into the recovery position (on their side with their head tilted back).

The person who is on their back and appears unconscious. And immediately call for ambulance.

Check the patient’s airway, look for regular movement of chest, listen for normal breath sounds, feel for regular, rhythmic movement of chest or upper abdomen.

Also known as cerebral compression which is usually caused by a head injury. It occurs when there is a build-up of pressure on the brain. Head injuries may lead to permanent mental impairment, disability or even death. Head injury cases require immediate medical attention. First aid for head injury should be administered to prevent further damage to the brain.

A drug that is used to treat mild or moderate pain. It is also used to reduce risks of heart attacks and strokes by preventing blood clots from forming.

A lung condition that causes difficulty in breathing due to constrictions of the small air tubes in the lungs. It is usually triggered by allergic reaction or other hypersensitivity. There is First Aid for Asthma Attacks that can be practised to provide immediate care.

☛ Conduct a careful head-to-toe assessment of casualty (if casualty is conscious explain what you are doing and ask permission)

☛ Question casualty and any witnesses about history of incident

☛ Checking, monitoring and recording a casualty’s vital signs such as pulse, breathing, level of consciousness, skin colour and temperature

☛ If there is more than one casualty care for casualty with most serious injury or illness first

A brain injury that is caused by a sudden blow to the head that shades the brain inside the skull. It can result to confusion, loss of memory with/without headache. First aid for head injury should be administered to prevent further damage to the brain.

Refers to the bluish discoloration near the surface of the skin usually to the hands and feet. This occurs when there’s low oxygen level in red blood cells.

Place the heel of one hand on the middle of the chest (lower sternum, between the nipples) and place the other hand of top of the first.

An astringent made from zinc oxide or zinc carbonate, usually the main ingredient in anti-pruritic lotion to treat rashes, poison ivy, insect bites, stings or sunburns.

A substance that causes a person to be insensitive to pain or lack of feeling/awareness to pain especially during surgery and other painful procedures.

A potentially life-threatening condition caused by inhalation of too much carbon monoxide gas that it prevents oxygenation of the blood. Carbon monoxide is emitted by automobile and engines which should not be run in unventilated spaces.

☛ Always be aware of casualty’s feelings and feelings of any bystanders or family members

☛ Assess for dangers, hazards and perform your duty of care

☛ Do not make assumptions – ask questions if you are not sure of anything