Java Swing Programming

AWT is heavy-weight components, but Swing is light-weight components. AWT is OS dependent because it uses native components, But Swing components are OS independent. We can change the look and feel in Swing which is not possible in AWT. Swing takes less memory compared to AWT. For drawing AWT uses screen rendering where Swing uses double buffering.

AWT stands for Abstract Window Toolkit. AWT enables programmers to develop Java applications with GUI components, such as windows, and buttons. The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is responsible for translating the AWT calls into the appropriate calls to the host operating system.

JFC stands for Java Foundation Classes. The Java Foundation Classes (JFC) are a set of Java class libraries provided as part of Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition (J2SE) to support building graphics user interface (GUI) and graphics functionality for client applications that will run on popular platforms such as Microsoft Windows, Linux, and Mac OSX.

The Panel and Applet classes use the FlowLayout as their default layout.

invokeAndWait() method in swing is synchronous. It blocks until Runnable task is complete. InvokeLater() method in swing is asynchronous. It posts an action event to the event queue and returns immediately. It will not wait for the task to complete

setBounds

Method of the Component class is used to set the position and size of a component.

The setLayout() method is used to specify a container's layout.

The preferred size of a component is the minimum component size that will allow the component to display normally.

The window, Frame and Dialog classes use a border layout as their default layout.

Clipping is the process of confining paint operations to a limited area or shape.

A layout manager is an object that is used to organize components in a container.

An event handler is a part of a computer program created to tell the program how to act in response to a specific event.

Changing the state of an object is called an event.

Double buffering is the process of use of two buffers rather than one to temporarily hold data being moved to and from an I/O device. Double buffering increases data transfer speed because one buffer can be filled while the other is being emptied.

A lightweight component is one that "borrows" the screen resource of an ancestor (which means it has no native resource of its own -- so it's "lighter").

A heavyweight component is one that is associated with its own native screen resource (commonly known as a peer).

getParameters()

Method is used by the applet to recognize the height and width.

Application must be run explicitly within Java Virtual Machine whereas applet loads and runs itself automatically in a java-enabled browser. Application starts execution with its main method whereas applet starts execution with its init method. Application can run with or without graphical user interface whereas applet must run within a graphical user interface. In order to run an applet we need a java enabled web browser or an appletviewer.

Applet is a java program that runs inside a web browser.