21⟩ What condition must be considered when prescribing sulfonamides and chloramphenicol?
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency (May produce Hemolysis)
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47 Pharma Exam Questions And Answers
22⟩ What antibiotic produces hearing loss in newborn when taken during pregnancy?
Streptomycin
23⟩ Where are sulfonamides absorbed?
Gut
24⟩ What types of chemotherapeutic agents affect nucleic acid metabolism?
Rifampin (DNA dependent RNA polymerase)
Fluoroquinolones - Ciprofloxacin
25⟩ How is resistance to sulfonamides presented?
Increased synthesis of PABA
Alterations in enzyme that utilizes PABA
Increased capacity to destroy or inactive the drug
Development of an alternative metabolic pathway for synthesis of essential metabolites
26⟩ Which drug inhibits dihydrofolate reductase and prevents the transformation of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate?
Trimethoprim
27⟩ What are sulfonamides often used in combination with?
Trimethoprin
28⟩ What is the mechanism of action of sulfonamides?
They are structural analogs and competitive antagonists of PABA (Para-Aminobenzoic Acid)
29⟩ What types of bacteria do sulfonamides target?
Broad-Spectrum - Gram + and Gram -
30⟩ What was the first effective chemotherapeutic agent employed systemically?
Sulfonamides
31⟩ What log cell kill is required to cure microbial infections?
2 (99% of population is killed)
32⟩ What drug inhibits the first stage of the cell wall synthesis? (Production of Cell Wall Building Blocks)?
Cycloserine
33⟩ Which type of bacteria is most affected by penicillins?
Gram +
34⟩ Which chemotherapeutic agents are inhibitors of cell wall synthesis?
Penicillin
Cephalosporin
Vancomycin
Bacitracin
Cycloserine
35⟩ What types of antibacterial agents affect the function of bacterial ribosomes to inhibit protein synthesis, and are bacteriocidal?
Streptomycin
36⟩ What must be absent with the use of trimethoprim in order to make it bacteriocidal?
Thymine
37⟩ What is the mechanism of Trimethoprim?
It is a selective inhibitor of Dihydrofolate reductase
38⟩ What sulfonamide is used routinely for urinary tract infection?
Sulfisoxazole
39⟩ Should you use sulfonamides on a patient with 6-glucose phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency?
No, it could produce acute hemolytic anemia
40⟩ Which type of penicillin is acid stable?
Penicillin V
