“Radar Tester related Frequently Asked Questions by expert members with job experience as Radar Tester. These questions and answers will help you strengthen your technical skills, prepare for the new job interview and quickly revise your concepts”
Harmonic and spurious frequencies are generated when RF mixer and amplifier devices are operating in nonlinear region due to distortion. Integer multiple of input frequency is referred as spurious. Non integer multiple of input frequency is referred as spurious.
The term PRF refers to Pulse Repetition Frequency which is no. of peak power pulses transmitted per second.
3D radar produces three dimensional position data of the target. It covers range, azimuth and also height.
Quasi TEM mode is used in a microstrip line. In a normal TEM mode, E-field and H-field are perpendicular to each other and also perpendicular to the direction of propagation. Refer difference between TEM and Quasi TEM wave. This interview question is very important to judge microstrip line fundamental of interviewee.
Ultrasonic imaging systems are used to generate highly detailed pictures similar to x-rays, mapping the internal structure of a part with sound waves. Phased array technology originally developed for medical diagnostic imaging is used in industrial situations to create cross-sectional pictures. Large scanning systems are used by the aerospace industry and metalworking suppliers to check for hidden flaws in both raw materials and finished parts. Ultrasonic pulser/receivers and signal analyzers are used in a variety of materials research applications.
An ultrasonic thickness gage is an instrument that generates sound pulses in a test piece and very precisely measures the time interval until echoes are received. Having been programmed with the speed of sound in the test material, the gage utilizes that sound velocity information and the measured time interval to calculate thickness via the simple relationship [distance] equals [velocity] multiplied by [time].
The amplitude of the vibration that causes concern can vary depending on the type of equipment, speed, load, frequency of the vibration and history. While MTI does have default alert/alarm levels based on industry standards and 20+ years of experience, each piece of equipment and its function should be taken into account when making an assessment.
Our students typically find that GPR is a much easier technology to learn than they may have believed.
GPR was pioneered by GSSI nearly four decades ago, and even though it began as a tool for scientists, vast improvements over the last three decades have been made to simplify and perfect this equipment so anyone in the utility locating, concrete scanning or road inspection lines of work can use our GPR products with ease.
GSSI provides training with its products and teaches a wide variety of classes to help the novice and experienced GPR user improve his or her skills. The classes typically include an introductory lecture and emphasizes hands-on practice with the equipment and software. This format ensures that each student walks away with a firm knowledge of the fundamentals of GPR and how to use the equipment in real-world situations.
The radar term PRT refers to Pulse Repetition Time. It is the time interval between two peak pulses.
Yes. GPR can be utilized through fresh water, but it does not operate where salt water is present.
2D radar or two dimensional radar provides azimuth and range information.
The term frequency refers to total no. of completed cycles per second. It is expressed in Hz.
Vibration is defined as the motion of the equipment or its part to and from its rest(static) condition.
RF Isolator allows signal to flow only in one direction and hence prevent any reflection going into the amplifier from output port. Hence it prevents damage to the amplifier device
The term phase refers to phase of EM wave and it is fraction of a full wavelength. It is measured in radians or degrees.
Beam width is the angle between the 3dB half power points on the main lobe. This is with reference to peak effective radiated power used on main lobe. The unit is degree.
Yes. GPR works extremely well through ice and snow. They are some of the most favorable conditions for GPR.
The vibration amplitude is commonly expressed in one of three units of measure – displacement (mils or microns), velocity (inches per second (ips) or mm/s), and acceleration (ips^2 or mm/s^2). Each type of measurement is used for a specific purpose.
Depth of GPR penetration depends on the material being surveyed and also upon the antenna frequency being used. For instance, GPR will penetrate ice, rock, soil and asphalt differently due to each material’s unique electrical properties. Lower frequency antennas will generally penetrate deeper, but there is a loss in resolution with the drop in frequency.
Soil conditions can vary greatly, which in turn affects GPR penetration. In general, dry sandy soils with little salt content return excellent survey resolution, but heavy clay-based soils are difficult to penetrate with GPR. In some situations, penetration depth may be limited to a few feet or less within clays, whereas pipes residing in sandy soils could be detected at depths up to 30 feet.
Your GSSI Application Specialist can help you find the equipment that is right for your project and profession.
The unit dBZ is the logarithmic Scale for measuring Radar reflectivity factor.
dBZ = 10 log( Z mm6 / 1 m3)
This dBZ value calculated using above equation, is what usually we will see displayed on the radar screen or on imagery downloaded from the website.
As we know that some degree of transmitted power is likely to be returned to the radar antenna as a result of backscattering. hence feflectivity is basically a measure of how much power was scattered back to the radar from the target. Pls. note that stronger the targets will have higher levels of reflectivity and hence they return more energy. Hence stronger targets have higher reflectivity values; i.e. higher dBZ levels. dBZ is also related to the number of drops per unit volume and the sixth power of their diameter.
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