41⟩ Define Digital image?
When x, y and the amplitude values of f all are finite discrete quantities , we call the image digital image.
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42⟩ Explain what is simultaneous contrast?
The region reserved brightness not depend on its intensity but also on its background. All centre square have same intensity. However they appear to the eye to become darker as the background becomes lighter.
43⟩ Define Brightness?
Brightness of an object is the perceived luminance of the surround. Two objects with different surroundings would have identical luminance but different brightness.
44⟩ For Dynamic range ratio the lower limit is determined by a) Saturation b) Brightness c) Noise d) Contrast
c) Noise
Noise is taken as the Denominator.
45⟩ What are sampling and quantization?
Sampling means digitizing the co-ordinate value (x, y).Quantization means digitizing the amplitude value. Several rods are connected to one nerve end. So it gives the overall picture of the image.This is also known as thin lightvision.
46⟩ How cones and rods are distributed in retina?
In each eye, cones are in the range 6-7 million and rods are in the range 75-150 million.
47⟩ Define sampling and quantization?
Sampling means digitizing the co-ordinate value (x, y).
Quantization means digitizing the amplitude value.
48⟩ What is meant by machband effect?
Machband effect means the intensity of the stripes is constant. Therefore it preserves the brightness pattern near the boundaries, these bands are called as machband effect.
49⟩ What is illumination and reflectance?
Illumination is the amount of source light incident on the scene. It is represented as i(x, y).
Reflectance is the amount of light reflected by the object in the scene. It is represented by r(x, y).
50⟩ What is image translation and scaling?
Image translation means reposition the image from one co-ordinate location to another along straight line path.
Scaling is used to alter the size of the object or image (ie) a co-ordinate system is scaled by a factor.
51⟩ What is meant by illumination and reflectance?
Illumination is the amount of source light incident on the scene. It is represented as i(x, y). Reflectance is the amount of light reflected by the object in the scene. It is represented by r(x, y).
52⟩ What do you meant by shrinking of digital images?
Shrinking may be viewed as under sampling. To shrink an image by one half, we delete every row and column. To reduce possible aliasing effect, it is a good idea to blue an image slightly before shrinking it.
53⟩ Explain subjective brightness and brightness adaptation?
Subjective brightness means intensity as preserved by the human visual system.Brightness adaptation means the human visual system can operate only from scotopic to glare limit. It cannot operate over the range simultaneously. It accomplishes this large variation by changes in its overall intensity.
54⟩ Do you know what is Rectification in image processing?
Image rectification is a transformation process used to project two-or-more images onto a common image plane. It
corrects image distortion by transforming the image into a standard coordinate system.
It is used in computer stereo
vision to simplify the problem of finding matching points between images.
It is used in geographic information systems to
merge images taken from multiple perspectives into a common map coordinate system.
55⟩ Define Resolutions?
Resolution is defined as the smallest number of discernible detail in an image.Spatial resolution is the smallest discernible detail in an image and gray level resolution refers to the smallest discernible change is gray level.
56⟩ What are the steps involved in DIP?
1. Image Acquisition
2. Preprocessing
3. Segmentation
4. Representation and Description
5. Recognition and Interpretation
57⟩ Differentiate photopic and scotopic vision?
Photopic vision Scotopic vision
1. The human being can resolve the fine details with these cones because each one is connected to its own nerve end.
2. This is also known as bright light vision.
