C++ Programming

If two base classes have no overlapping methods or data they are said to be independent of, or orthogonal to each other. Orthogonal in the sense means that two classes operate in different dimensions and do not interfere with each other in any way. The same derived class may inherit such classes with no difficulty.

A container class is a class that is used to hold objects in memory or external storage. A container class acts as a generic holder. A container class has a predefined behavior and a well-known interface. A container class is a supporting class whose purpose is to hide the topology used for maintaining the list of objects in memory. When a container class contains a group of mixed objects, the container is called a heterogeneous container; when the container is holding a group of objects that are all the same, the container is called a homogeneous container.

void reverselist(void)

{

if(head==0)

return;

if(head-<next==0)

return;

if(head-<next==tail)

{

head-<next = 0;

tail-<next = head;

}

else

{

node* pre = head;

node* cur = head-<next;

node* curnext = cur-<next;

head-<next = 0;

cur-<next = head;

for(; curnext!=0; )

{

cur-<next = pre;

pre = cur;

cur = curnext;

curnext = curnext-<next;

}

curnext-<next = cur;

}

}

Polymorphism in C++ is the idea that a base class can be inherited by several classes. A base class pointer can point to its child class and a base class array can store different child class objects.

You can do the Echo $RANDOM. It will return a undefined variable if you are from the C-Shell, just a return prompt if you are from the Bourne shell, and a 5 digit random numbers if you are from the Korn shell. You could also do a ps -l and look for the shell with the highest PID.

You can find out by using 2 pointers. One of them goes 2 nodes each time. The second one goes at 1 nodes each time. If there is a cycle, the one that goes 2 nodes each time will eventually meet the one that goes slower. If that is the case, then you will know the linked-list is a cycle.

A relation schema R is in BCNF with respect to a set F of functional dependencies if for all functional dependencies in F+ of the form a->b, where a and b is a subset of R, at least one of the following holds:

* a->b is a trivial functional dependency (b is a subset of a)

* a is a superkey for schema R

As a resource manager

As a virtual machine

struct Time

{

int m;

int h;

int s;

};

Process the node in the right subtree

Process the root

Process the node in the left subtree

A class is made abstract by declaring one or more of its virtual functions to be pure. A pure virtual function is one with an initializer of = 0 in its declaration

In the public and protected sections.

The free subroutine frees a block of memory previously allocated by the malloc subroutine. Undefined results occur if the Pointer parameter is not a valid pointer. If the Pointer parameter is a null value, no action will occur. The realloc subroutine changes the size of the block of memory pointed to by the Pointer parameter to the number of bytes specified by the Size parameter and returns a new pointer to the block. The pointer specified by the Pointer parameter must have been created with the malloc, calloc, or realloc subroutines and not been deallocated with the free or realloc subroutines. Undefined results occur if the Pointer parameter is not a valid pointer.

You can find out by using 2 pointers. One of them goes 2 nodes each time. The second one goes at 1 nodes each time. If there is a cycle, the one that goes 2 nodes each time will eventually meet the one that goes slower. If that is the case, then you will know the linked-list is a cycle.

It permits code reusability. Reusability saves time in program development. It encourages the reuse of proven and debugged high-quality software, thus reducing problem after a system becomes functional.

The declaration tells the compiler that at some later point we plan to present the definition of this declaration.

E.g.: void stars () //function declaration

The definition contains the actual implementation.

E.g.: void stars () // declarator

{

for(int j=10; j > =0; j--) //function body

cout << *;

cout << endl; }

void reverselist(void)

{

if(head==0)

return;

if(head->next==0)

return;

if(head->next==tail)

{

head->next = 0;

tail->next = head;

}

else

{

node* pre = head;

node* cur = head->next;

node* curnext = cur->next;

head->next = 0;

cur-> next = head;

for(; curnext!=0; )

{

cur->next = pre;

pre = cur;

cur = curnext;

curnext = curnext->next;

}

curnext->next = cur;

}

}

#include "iostream.h"

int main() {

int MAX = 4;

int total = 0;

int average;

int numb;

for (int i=0; i<MAX; i++) {

cout <<

"Please enter your input between 5 and 9: ";

cin >> numb;

while ( numb<5 || numb>9) {

cout << "Invalid input, please re-enter: ";

cin >> numb;

}

total = total + numb;

}

average = total/MAX;

cout << "The average number is: "

<< average << "n";

return 0;

}

The idea behind inline functions is to insert the code of a called function at the point where the function is called. If done carefully, this can improve the application's performance in exchange for increased compile time and possibly (but not always) an increase in the size of the generated binary executables.