41⟩ Mohr’s circle can be used to determine following stress on inclined surface (a) Principal stresses (b) Normal stresses (c) Maximum shear stresses (d) All of the above
(a) Principal stresses
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42⟩ Slow plastic deformation of material under constant stress is (a) Creep (b) Fatigue (c) Endurance (d) Elastic deformation
(a) Creep
43⟩ Tell us how can the reaction of support of a frame be evaluated?
Generally roller or hinged support are used to support the frames. The conditions of equilibrium are used to determine the reaction support of a frame. The condition of equilibrium takes place when the sum of the horizontal and vertical forces sum equal to zero. The system must form a state of equilibrium even after considering the external loads and the reactions at the supports. For equilibrium to be prevalent in the system the following conditions are required to be in occurrence:
☛ > Summation of V = 0. This implies that the summation of all the forces in the vertical direction results to zero.
☛ > Summation of H = 0 . This implies that the total of all the forces acting in horizontal direction is also zero.
☛ > Summation of M = 0. The sum of all the moment of forces around a point must be zero.
44⟩ Tell us what are considerations taken into account while creating a piston head?
The piston head is designed on the basis of the following considerations:
☛ > The crown should have enough strength to absorb the explosion pressure inside the engine cylinder.
☛ > The head must always dissipate the heat of the explosion as quickly as possible to the engine walls. The thickness of the head is calculated on the basis of another formula which takes into consideration the heat flowing through the head, the conductivity factor of the material. The temperature at the center and edges of the head.
☛ > The thickness of the piston head is calculated on the basis of the Grashoff`s formula which takes into consideration the maximum gas pressure of an explosion , the permissible bending and the outside diameter of the piston.
45⟩ What are the principle views of an orthographic projection?
☛ (a) Front view or Elevation
☛ (b) Top view or Plan
☛ (c) Side view
46⟩ Tell me what do you mean by Pictorial Drawing?
It is a graphic language of engineers which represents a real thing by means of picture view.
47⟩ Tell me why is a pictorial drawing shaded?
To make the appearance of a pictorial drawing more natural .
48⟩ Tell me what is meant by Oblique projection?
It is the one view projection where the projectors may be at any angle except 90 degree with the plane of projection, but 45 degree projectors are generally used because projectors at 45 degree with plane of projection all the edges of the cube are in their true lengths in the oblique projection.
49⟩ Do you know what is the plane of projection?
It is the plane on which the projection of the object is taken.
50⟩ Explain me what are the production drawings?
Production drawings are the drawings which are required for the fabrication of any product.
51⟩ What is Ellipse?
It is a plane curve formed by a point moving so that the sum of its distances from two fixed points (foci) is constant and equal to major axis.
52⟩ Tell me what is meant by projection of an object?
Representation of an object on paper is called projection of an object.
53⟩ Do you know why is it necessary to show the sectional view of an object?
Because it shows clearly the internal shape of an object or interior details of a part can easily shown.
54⟩ What is Parabola?
Parabola is a curve which is generated by a point moving along a path equidistant from a point (focus)and a straight line(directrix).
55⟩ Tell me what is a functional dimension?
This is expressed directly on the drawing which is essential to the function of the product.
56⟩ Tell me what is an involute?
Involute is a spiral curve made by a point on a perfectly taut string as it unwinds from around a shape such as a circle or polygon.
57⟩ Explain what are Phantom Lines?
These are thin lines composed of long dashes with pair of short dashes. Phantom Lines used to show adjacent parts, alternate positionsand the lines of motion.
58⟩ Tell me what is Perspective projection?
A perspective drawing is one which more nearly present an object as seen in an actual photograph or as it appears to the eye of the observer.
59⟩ Tell me how are screw threads specified?
It should be specify pitch and dimension with tolerances and also the distance to the end of full(parallel)threads.
60⟩ Do you know what is the position of views in Third Angle Projection?
The top view appears above the front view with right side of the object to the right of the front view in third angle projection.
