For QA in manufacturing techniques used are

☛ Acceptance sampling: In this testing, a random sample is picked from the batch rather than testing the whole batch.

☛ Statistical process control: Through the use of control charts and data collected for the samples at the various stages of production a manufacturing product can be monitored

☛ Troubleshooting studies: At the end of the line product, a trouble-shooting study can be carried out to see whether the changes in the inputs are associated with the output variables.