⟩ Please explain what is the difference between a class and an object?
In short, a class is the definition of an object, and an object is instance of a class.
We can look at the class as a template of the object: it describes all the properties, methods, states and behaviors that the implementing object will have. As mentioned, an object is an instance of a class, and a class does not become an object until it is instantiated. There can be more instances of objects based on the one class, each with different properties.