WordPress Theme Development

There are two types of hooks

1) Action hooks

2) Filter hooks

Action Hooks :- Action hooks are points in wordpress core where its possible for outside resources to insert additional code.

For example- wp_head() , the_post(), get_sidebar() is an action hook which is used by most of themes. To hook an action, create an hook in your function file and hook it using add_action() function.

<?php

add_action( 'wp_head', 'head_func' );

function head_func () {

echo "<div>This is test</div>";

}

?>

Filter Hooks :- Filter hooks are used to handle output like using it you will add an text or content at end of content of your post. You will add an filter using add_filter() function. There are various filter used in wordpress as the_title(), wp_title(), get_the_excerpt(), get_to_ping(), attachment_icon().

For example:– Using these filter we will add content add end of posts.

<?php add_filter( 'the_content', 'webs_expert' );

function head_func( $content ) {

if ( is_single() ) {

$content .= '<div>This is test</div>' . " ";

}

return $content;

}

?>

1. Customization and Flexibility

2. Hosting Opportunities

3. To customize the tiny image that people see in their address bar when they visit your blog, upload a blavatar.

4. The more tag allows you to display excerpts of your posts on your main posts page, instead of revealing the entire post.

5. To expand the text editor and hide the modules on the publishing screen, enable Distraction Free Writing.

6. Reproduce fully-functioning tweets — not just static screenshots of tweets — in posts, pages, and even comments with Twitter Embeds.

7. You can customize your post and page slugs, which can be handy when you want to create a URL that’s easier to remember (it’s also a good way to make posts search-friendly). Note that if you change a post slug, the old link will still work.

8. Reproduce fully-functioning tweets — not just static screenshots of tweets — in posts, pages, and even comments with Twitter Embeds.

This is a limitation of the way PHP is set up on your server. If you previously used MovableType, Perl was probably set up with suexec so Movable Type executed as your user. In this case, PHP is running as the web server user, which is why it has to be at least 444. There is phpsuexec but it seems many hosts don’t use it.

However this is often not an issue on modern shared hosts because even though the file is “world” readable each account is set up with a “jailshell” which keeps people locked in their home directory, and PHP can be easily modified with an open_basedir restriction to keep people from writing PHP scripts to read your files. If you are really concerned, you should contact your host to see what measures they are taking.

Overview

XML-RPC is a Remote Procedure Calling protocol that works over the Internet.

An XML-RPC message is an HTTP-POST request. The body of the request is in XML. A procedure executes on the server and the value it returns is also formatted in XML.

Procedure parameters can be scalars, numbers, strings, dates, etc.; and can also be complex record and list structures.

Request example

☛ Here’s an example of an XML-RPC request:

☛ POST /RPC2 HTTP/1.0

☛ User-Agent: Frontier/5.1.2 (WinNT)

☛ Host: betty.userland.com

☛ Content-Type: text/xml

☛ Content-length: 181

☛ examples.getStateName 41

☛ Header requirements

The format of the URI in the first line of the header is not specified. For example, it could be empty, a single slash, if the server is only handling XML-RPC calls. However, if the server is handling a mix of incoming HTTP requests, we allow the URI to help route the request to the code that handles XML-RPC requests. (In the example, the URI is /RPC2, telling the server to route the request to the “RPC2″ responder.)

A User-Agent and Host must be specified.

The Content-Type is text/xml.

The Content-Length must be specified and must be correct.

Payload format

The payload is in XML, a single structure.

The must contain a sub-item, a string, containing the name of the method to be called. The string may only contain identifier characters, upper and lower-case A-Z, the numeric characters, 0-9, underscore, dot, colon and slash. It’s entirely up to the server to decide how to interpret the characters in a methodName.

For example, the methodName could be the name of a file containing a script that executes on an incoming request. It could be the name of a cell in a database table. Or it could be a path to a file contained within a hierarchy of folders and files.

If the procedure call has parameters, the must contain a sub-item. The sub-item can contain any number of s, each of which has a .

Scalar s

s can be scalars, type

Hooks are provided by WordPress to allow your plugin to ‘hook into’ the rest of WordPress; that is, to call functions in your plugin at specific times, and thereby set your plugin in motion. There are two kinds of hooks:

Actions: Actions are the hooks that the WordPress core launches at specific points during execution, or when specific events occur. Your plugin can specify that one or more of its PHP functions are executed at these points, using the Action API.

Filters: Filters are the hooks that WordPress launches to modify text of various types before adding it to the database or sending it to the browser screen. Your plugin can specify that one or more of its PHP functions is executed to modify specific types of text at these times, using the Filter API.

Actions Functions:

☛ has_action()

☛ add_action()

☛ do_action()

☛ do_action_ref_array()

☛ did_action()

☛ remove_action()

☛ remove_all_actions()

Filter Functions:

☛ has_filter()

☛ add_filter()

☛ apply_filters()

☛ apply_filters_ref_array()

☛ current_filter()

☛ merge_filters()

☛ remove_filter()

☛ remove_all_filters()

To configure the way the post’s categories display, open the index.php file and find the line <div class meta>. There you will see the following code:

<?php the_category() ?>

Inside of the parentheses ( ) and quote marks, add or change this to reflect the new look you desire.

If you would like to have commas between the categories, the tag should read:

<?php the_category(‘,’) ?>

If you would like to have an arrow, the tag would look like this:

<?php the_category(‘ > ‘) ?>

If you would like to have a bullet, the tag would look like this:

<?php the_category(‘ • ‘) ?>

If you would like the “pipe” ( | ) between the categories, the tag would look like this:

<?php the_category(‘ | ‘) ?>

Use your imagination and creativity to make the separations in the categories look any way you like.

Whether you are testing a new version of WordPress, setting up a new blog or have some other reason to limit access, the following information may help you keep unwanted visitors out.

Apache

There is no guaranteed way to do this. You can use the .htaccess file (which also contains your permalink code) to check for certain IP addresses and prevent them from viewing your site. This will only stop the IP address, not the person, so if they have access to an allowed IP address, they can get to your page. One tutorial for this is located at rendc.org

An .htaccess file can also be used to prevent others from “hot-linking” to your images (bandwidth theft) or to set up a password protected blog.

Apache Basic Authentication

To require a password to access your site using .htaccess and .htpasswd: rendc.org.htpasswd.

Tools that help you create the files necessary to password protect your site: rendc.org.htaccess And .htpasswd Tools

Note: When your site is accessed the password is encoded weakly using Base64 and can be easily intercepted and decoded.

Windows IIS Basic Authentication

To require a password if your site is hosted on IIS, you can deselect Allow Anonymous Access and select Basic Authentication. You’ll also need to have a username with a password.

Note: When your site is accessed the password is encoded weakly using Base64 and can be easily intercepted and decoded.