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42 Computer Architecture And Design Questions And Answers

41⟩ Which steps are involved in an instruction cycle?

Any program residing in the memory contains a set of instruction that need to be executed by the computer in a sequential manner. This cycle for every instruction is known as the instruction cycle . The cycle consists of the following steps:

★ Fetch instruction:

Like the name stated in this process the cpu fetches the instruction from the memory. The PC get loaded with the address of the instruction.

★ Decode:

The instruction: In this process the instruction gets decoded by the processor.

★ In case the instruction has an indirect address the effective address is read from the memory.

★ Fetch the operand from the memory

★ Execution:

Once the instruction gets decoded the processor executes the instruction.

★ Result:

Store the result in the appropriate place.

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42⟩ Described some of the common rules of assembly language?

Some of the common rules of assembly level language are as follows:

★ In assembly language the label field can be either empty or may specify a symbolic address.

★ Instruction fields can specify pseudo or machine instructions.

★ Comment fields can be left empty or can be commented with.

★ Up to 4 characters are only allowed in the case of symbolic addresses.

★ The symbolic addresses field are terminated by a comma whereas the comment field begins with a forward slash.

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