Network Engineer

It is a collection of routers under the control of a single administrative authority and that uses a common Interior Gateway Protocol.

The most common two letter combinations are called as digrams. e.g. th, in, er, re and an. The most common three letter combinations are called as trigrams. e.g. the, ing, and, and ion.

When hierarchical routing is used, the routers are divided into what we will call regions, with each router knowing all the details about how to route packets to destinations within its own region, but knowing nothing about the internal structure of other regions.

Virtual channel is normally a connection from one source to one destination, although multicast connections are also permitted. The other name for virtual channel is virtual circuit.

One of the main causes of congestion is that traffic is often busy. If hosts could be made to transmit at a uniform rate, congestion would be less common. Another open loop method to help manage congestion is forcing the packet to be transmitted at a more predictable rate. This is called traffic shaping.

It is any routing protocol used within an autonomous system.

Packet filter is a standard router equipped with some extra functionality. The extra functionality allows every incoming or outgoing packet to be inspected. Packets meeting some criterion are forwarded normally. Those that fail the test are dropped.

IDEA stands for International Data Encryption Algorithm.

It is the protocol the routers in neighboring autonomous systems use to identify the set of networks that can be reached within or via each autonomous system.

Wide-mouth frog is the simplest known key distribution center (KDC) authentication protocol.

It is a protocol used to advertise the set of networks that can be reached with in an autonomous system. BGP enables this information to be shared with the autonomous system. This is newer than EGP (Exterior Gateway Protocol).

It is a set of rules defining a very simple virtual terminal interaction. The NVT is used in the start of a Telnet session.

It is an authentication service developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Kerberos uses encryption to prevent intruders from discovering passwords and gaining unauthorized access to files.

It is a system that performs a protocol translation between different electronic mail delivery protocols.

It is using a router to answer ARP requests. This will be done when the originating host believes that a destination is local, when in fact is lies beyond router.

It is a sequence of IP addresses identifying the route a datagram must follow. A source route may optionally be included in an IP datagram header.

It is an Internet routing protocol that scales well, can route traffic along multiple paths, and uses knowledge of an Internet's topology to make accurate routing decisions.

It is a host that has a multiple network interfaces and that requires multiple IP addresses is called as a Multi-homed Host.

There are many ways to discover network topology and most of the ways you know determine your experience in the field. First, you can ping random IP addresses. If you do a tracert, you can discover router IP addresses. You can install a network traffic packet analyzer to read some of the traffic that passes between segments of the network. You can run an SNMP scanner and attempt to find open systems. Even at a basic level, you can plug a laptop into open data ports to see if you can connect to various servers and other desktops.