The C-style character string originated within the C language and continues to be supported within C++. This string is actually a one-dimensional array of characters which is terminated by a null character '\0'. Thus a null-terminated string contains the characters that comprise the string followed by a null.The following declaration and initialization create a string consisting of the word "Hello". To hold the null character at the end of the array, the size of the character array containing the string is one more than the number of characters in the word "Hello."char greeting[6] = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '\0'};If you follow the rule of array initialization then you can write the above statement as follows: char greeting[] = "Hello";Following is the memory presentation of above defined string in C/C++: Actually, you do not place the null character at the end of a string constant. The C++ compiler automatically places the '\0' at the end of the string when it initializes the array. Let us try to print above mentioned string:#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){ char greeting[6] = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '\0'}; cout << "Greeting message: "; cout << greeting << endl; return 0;}When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces result something as followsFollowing example makes use of few of the above mentioned functions:#include <iostream>#include <cstring>using namespace std;int main (){ char str1[10] = "Hello"; char str2[10] = "World"; char str3[10]; int len ; // copy str1 into str3 strcpy( str3, str1); cout << "strcpy( str3, str1) : " << str3 << endl; // concatenates str1 and str2 strcat( str1, str2); cout << "strcat( str1, str2): " << str1 << endl; // total lenghth of str1 after concatenation len = strlen(str1); cout << "strlen(str1) : " << len << endl; return 0;}When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces result something as follows:strcpy( str3, str1) : Hellostrcat( str1, str2): HelloWorldstrlen(str1) : 10 C++
Topic: String
What are the C-Style Character String?
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What are the C-Style Character String?
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