Biotechnology

HIV results in impairment of immune function by depletion oh CD4+ T cells.

It is mainly spread by sexual contact, blood transfers and from HIV infected mother to child.

Anti-retroviral drugs are given. They lower the viral load and gives relief from infection, but it is not permanent it is temporary relief i.e. it cannot cure.

Major successful vaccines are live attenuated and heat killed vaccines.

HAART will lower the viral load and improves the health of the patients who are suffering with AIDS.

Current treatment given to AIDS is HAART (highly active anti retroviral therapy).It is a combination therapy.

The ability to participate in the immune response by the process of transplantation of cells is adoptive transfer.

A substance can mediate clumping of the cells or particles.

Clumping of particles or cells is called agglutination.

Viral load is measured by PCR based techniques.

It is a monoclonal antibody, which has catalytic activity.

The region of an antigenic peptide, which binds to MCH molecule, is known as agretope.

Any cell that can mediate immune response is called as effector cell.

It is an attenuated form of Mycobacterium bovis. It is used as vaccine and as an adjuvant compound.

In this type if leukemia cancerous cells are continuously produced.

Boosters are given to stimulate immunological memory response.

A peptide producing inflammatory response.

Grafting of tissues from one part of the body to another in the same individual is called as autograft.

Antigenic competition is the inhibition of immune response to an antigen by immunization with different antigens.

It is made by cross-linking two different antibodies or by fusion of two hybridomas, which produce monoclonal antibodies.