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164 Mechanical Engineering Questions And Answers

67⟩ What instrument in a car measures its speed?

The speedometer and speedometer cable tells the driver how fast the vehicle is going.

What has called a Hall-Effect sensor is used. It uses the principle of magnetic inductance. When a magnetic flux passes through coils of wire, voltage is generated. To use this effect, a magnet is placed in the cars differential. The sensor then can tell when the magnet comes around by a spike in voltage. Since there is a constant amount the car moves with each differential rotation, and with the time between voltage spikes, you can easily divide to get the speed.

This is why changing your cars tires will affect your speedometer. Your car assumes that car moves a certain amount with each differential rotation. If you have larger tires on, then each differential rotation (and axle rotation) your car moves further, and you will move faster than indicated.

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68⟩ Why gas containers are mostly cylindrical in shape?

The most efficient shape for withstanding high pressure is a sphere but that would be costly to manufacture. A cylinder with a domed top and a domed bottom (look underneath, the flat base is actually welded around the outside, the bottom of the gas container is actually domed) is a much cheaper shape to manufacture whilst still having good strength to resist the internal gas pressure.

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69⟩ What is wrap-around?

The main purpose of a wrap-a-round is to make a straight line around a pipe to aid in cutting the pipe to its proper length. It is used mostly as a template or a straight edge.

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70⟩ What is a steam turbine diaphragm?

Steam turbine comprises of stages, number and size of the stages depends upon the break horsepower of the turbine.

The stage has set of moving and fixed blades. The moving blades are attached to the rotor while the stationary blades are called Diaphragm.

The diaphragm guides the steam to glide over the moving blades for producing rotary motion.

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71⟩ Can an airplane fly without a tail?

There are a number of aircraft, which are designed without tail assemblies. As for aircraft designed with a tail assembly that may lose it in flight, that's problematic for the flight crew, but there have been instances of portions of tail assemblies being lost due to structural failure or accident that have managed to successfully land.

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75⟩ How does a boat measure speed?

Knots one nautical mile per hour there are 1 1/8 of a nautical mile in a statute mile

Originally measured by throwing a piece of wood attached to a piece of rope over the back of a boat and counting how many knots went past in a given time.

These days it is more normally measured by:

* a) Using a pitot static tube which measure difference in pressure and uses Bernoulli’s equation to find the velocity.

* b) Some form of propeller (technically impeller) which is suspended under the boat. The passing water turns, the speed of rotation is measured, and this gives you the speed of the boat.

* c) Using ultrasonic to measure the speed, that small bubbles of air in the water passing under the boat go past.

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76⟩ How is martensite structure formed in steel?

Martensite transformation begins when austenite is cooled below a certain critical temperature, called the matrensite start temperature. As we go below the tmartensite start temperature, more and more martensite forms and complete transformation occurs only at a temperature called martensire finish temperature. Formation of martensite requires that the austenite phase must be cooled rapidly.

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79⟩ How does a modern submarine move?

Modern submarines move by using some motor to drive a propeller (called a screw). The big u-boats have nuclear reactors that heat water to make steam and have steam turbines that drive the screw through a big reduction gear. Many smaller submarines use a battery bank and electric motors with little propellers on them to move.

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