MCSE

Address Resolution Protocol ARP, is responsible for mapping an IP address to its corresponding physical network address. It is mostly seen on Ethernet network.

MTU specifies the largest amount of data that can be transferred across a network.

Routing protocol is the way to send routing information between any routers in an autonomous system.

Each IP address is 32 bit long. In human language the IP addresses are written in dotted decimal notation. These are then converted to binary by the computer. Each IP address has two parts: Network identifier or a network ID and host ID. The current internet protocol standard is IPV4. The IP addresses are divided into three classes: a class A network, a class B network, and a class C network. Class A being the largest. The four digit numbers in an IPV4 address, each network of class A will have different first number, and then its network will be addressed by the rest of the three numbers, or three bytes. The IP addresses identify a machine to deliver packets and load web pages.

When a source sends a packet to a destination, this packet has a specific path or route it follows. Different routing protocols are used to find the shortest path to the destination. The protocols maintain routing tables. Routing tables consist of a set of rules used to determine where these packets will travel. When a packet is received, a network device examines the packet and matches it to the routing table entry providing the best match for its destination. The packet keeps hopping until it reaches its destination.

A Domain Name system is used to convert the names of the website on the internet to IP addresses. The domain names for each IP addresses are stored in a database that is distributed across different servers. A domain name space consists of a tree of domain names. The tree has zones. Zones consist of a collection of connected nodes. These nodes are served by a name server. A domain name is usually in the form of mydomain.com. Here, .com is the top level domain. Where as mydomain is the sub domain or subdivision. A host name is a domain name that has one or more IP addresses associated with it.

Types of network based on geographic are LAN, CAN, MAN, WAN Based on Server OS nature Centralized [domain] model or peer-to-peer [workgroup] model based on media like arcnet, Ethernet, token ring, wireless etc.

A proxy server is a process that acts like a switchboard through a firewall to manage the various types of permitted communications with the outside world. Proxy servers may also use caching to make communications more efficient.

Networking is the engineering discipline concerned with communication between computer systems or devices.

To connect 10 systems we can use either switch or hub. As switch is better because, it does unicasting whereas, Hub does broadcasting. In addition, we have to select star, bus, ring topology.

1-126 127 it's a Loopback IP B: 128-191 c: 192-223 d: 223-247 Multicasting IP's

A spare ware is software that monitors the user's behavior and anti-virus is software that protects the system from viruses.

"Scanpst*.*" searches the file in your C: then run this program. Then you can repair your .pst files.

IP address is a protocol, which can define to each pc. IP address is a path of network to flow.

Multicasting refers to a system, where a computers or network devices (node) sends out a message to a group of computers or network devices (node) in a network.

To reduce broadcast we use VLAN. By default switch has unique vlan1. There are two types of VLAN membership 1) static VLAN membership 2) dynamic VLAN membership.

The speed is first feature upon which Ethernet is better than Internet Others features are direct access to computers.

There will not be two DHCP servers in one network.

It is a set of rules to communicate between computers. Alternatively, the language the computer speaks to communicate between none to node said to be protocol.