MCSE

OSI has 7 Layers

1. Physical Layer

2. Data link Layer

3. Network Layer

4. Transport Layer

5. Session Layer

6. Application Layer

7. Presentation Layer.

A Metro Ethernet is a computer network based on the Ethernet standard and which covers a metropolitan area.

Using READ () FUNCTION. We can access the server socket when we want to write from client to the server.

Device manager is a device which contains all information of input output devices.

It is an interconnected collection of autonomous computers, which can exchange information.

Client is a system which houses the Client operating system like windows 95/98/me/2000professional/xp in the LAN and sharing the resources from the server.

In information technology, a network is a series of points or nodes interconnected by communication paths. Networks can interconnect with other networks and contain sub networks.

Mostly the physical layer is responsible for the delay in the network, so first check the connection and if still it does not work,call a network administrator from some reputed company.

The flag bits in the data link layer are of the form 01111110. If there is data that takes the same form, it will be misinterpreted as a flag bit. In order to avoid this we stuff additional bits at the sending end and de-stuff the same at the receiving end.

Yes, only thing we need is a pc having ip add. In same subnet (e.g. 192.168.10.1 to192.168.10.254)

Modem which works on isdn line, which is leased from some ISP, it is a point-to-point connection, very helpful for taking backup by the high end user as it is faster.

No. client is not a server at a particular point of time. However, in some other time it may act as a server depending upon its configuration.

Hub bandwidth is 10 mbps; While Switch Bandwidth is 100 mbps.

RIP (routing information protocol) is a distance vector dynamic routing protocol. It is used where there is less number of routers.Its max hop count is 15. It broadcast its entire routing information in every 30 seconds. It is a class full routing protocol.RIP version 2 is a classless routing protocol.

Same devices like PC-2-PC, it uses (NIC for PC) 1, 2 for transmission 3, 6 for reception. If we do not use cross cable then we cannot transfer data.While in the case of switch/hub they receive (NIC of SWITCH/HUB) data on 1, 2 transmit on 3, 6.That is why we use straight cable for de-similar host cross cable for similar hosts.

The most commonly used form of twisted pair is unshielded twisted pair (UTP). It is just two insulated wires twisted together. Any data communication cables and normal telephone cables are this type. Shielded twisted pair (STP) differs from UTP in that it has a foil jacket that helps prevent crosstalk and noise from outside source. In data communications there is a cable type called FTP (foil-shielded pairs) which consists of four twisted pair inside one common shield (made of aluminum foil).

ISDN is an example of Circuit switching but ATM is Packet Switching or Cell switching.

It provides a structural approach to troubleshoot an issue.

Desktop operating system is a standalone operating system, able to perform all operations and requests independently. Client o/s cannot do that, moreover client uses all s/w via requests to servers. A node connected to server (Linux concept).

Layer 3 switches do routing with ASIC chips. Routers do it with a microprocessor and its associated software. Therefore, the Layer 3 switches are much faster than traditional but cost more. We need them both because in many situations a slow router is sufficient and cheaper than a gigabit layer 3-switch router.